高中钠、镁、铝化学方程式。..
2Na+H2===2NaH
4Na+O2===2Na2O
2Na2O+O2===2Na2O2
2Na+O2===Na2O2
2na+s = = Na2S(爆炸)
2Na+2H2O===2NaOH+H2
2Na+2h 3 = = = 2n H2+H2
4Na+TiCl4(熔化)===4NaCl+Ti
Mg+Cl2===MgCl2
Mg+Br2===MgBr2
2毫克+氧气= = = 2毫克
Mg+S===MgS
Mg+2H2O===Mg(OH)2+H2
2.
2毫克+四氯化钛(熔融)= = =钛+2毫克氯化钛
Mg+2RbCl===MgCl2+2Rb
2毫克+二氧化碳= = = 2毫克+二氧化碳
2Mg+SiO2===2MgO+Si
Mg+H2S===MgS+H2
镁+硫酸= = =硫酸镁+H2
2Al+3Cl2===2AlCl3
4al+3o2 = = 2al2o3(钝化)
4Al(Hg)+3o 2+2xH2O = = = 2(al2o 3·xh2o)+4Hg
4Al+3MnO2===2Al2O3+3Mn
2Al+Cr2O3===Al2O3+2Cr
2Al+Fe2O3===Al2O3+2Fe
2Al+3FeO===Al2O3+3Fe
2Al+6HCl===2AlCl3+3H2
2Al+3H2SO4===Al2(SO4)3+3H2
2Al+6H2SO4(浓缩)= = Al2 (SO4) 3+3SO2+6H2O
(铝和铁在冷的浓H2SO4、HNO3 HNO3中钝化)
Al+4HNO(稀释)= = Al (NO3) 3+NO+2h2o
2Al+2NaOH+2H2O===2NaAlO2+3H2
呐+H2O = = =氢氧化钠+H2
4NaH+TiCl4===Ti+4NaCl+2H2
2n H3+2Na = = 2n H2+H2
Na2O2+2na = = 2na2o(该反应用于制备Na2O、MgO、Al2O3，几乎不被氧化，很难被还原成Mg、Al。一般用电解法制备Mg和Al)。
Na2O+H2O===2NaOH
2Na2O2+2H2O===4NaOH+O2
(这个反应分两步:Na2O 2+2H2O = = 2 NaOH+H2O 2；
2H2O2 = = 2H2O+O2。H2O2可以通过类似的反应制备:
BaO2+H2SO4(稀释)===BaSO4+H2O2)
氧化镁+H2O = =氢氧化镁(慢反应)
4.与酸性物质的相互作用:
Na2O+SO3===Na2SO4
Na2O+CO2===Na2CO3
Na2O+2HCl===2NaCl+H2O
2Na2O2+2CO2===2Na2CO3+O2
Na2O2+H2SO4(冷，稀释)===Na2SO4+H2O2
氧化镁+SO3 = = =硫酸镁
氧化镁+硫酸= = =硫酸镁+H2O
Al2O3+3H2SO4===Al2(SO4)3+3H2O
(Al2O3是一种两性氧化物:
Al2O3+2NaOH===2NaAlO2+H2O)
2NaOH+SO2(少量)===Na2SO3+H2O
NaOH+SO2(足量)= = nahso3
2NaOH+SiO2===NaSiO3+H2O
2NaOH+Al2O3===2NaAlO2+H2O
2NaOH+Cl2===NaCl+NaClO+H2O
NaOH+HCl===NaCl+H2O
NaOH+H2S(足量)===NaHS+H2O
2NaOH+H2S(少量)===Na2S+2H2O
3NaOH+AlCl3===Al(OH)3+3NaCl
NaOH+Al(OH)3===NaAlO2+2H2O
(AlCl3和Al(OH)3哪个酸性更大？)
NaOH+NH4Cl===NaCl+NH3+H2O
Mg(OH)2+2NH4Cl===MgCl2+2NH3。H2O
Al(OH)3+NH4Cl不溶。
3.不稳定性:
氢氧化镁= = =氧化镁+H2O
2Al(OH)3===Al2O3+3H2O
3Na2S+8HNO3(稀释)= = 6Nano3+2NO+3S+4H2O
3Na2SO3+2HNO3(稀释)= = 3NA2SO4+2NO+H2O
2Na2SO3+O2===2Na2SO4
3.与碱性物质的相互作用:
氯化镁+2氨。H2O = = =氢氧化镁+氯化铵
AlCl3+3NH3。HNa3PO4+HCl===Na2HPO4+NaCl
Na2HPO4+HCl===NaH2PO4+NaCl
NaH2PO4+HCl===H3PO4+NaCl
碳酸钠+盐酸= = =碳酸氢钠+氯化钠
碳酸氢钠+盐酸= = =氯化钠+H2O+二氧化碳
3n a2 co 3+2 ALCL 3+3H2O = = = 2Al(OH)3+3 CO2+6 NaCl
3n a2 co 3+2 FeCl 3+3H2O = = = 2Fe(OH)3+3 CO2+6 NaCl
3NaHCO3+AlCl3===Al(OH)3+3CO2
3NaHCO3+FeCl3===Fe(OH)3+3CO2
3na 2s+Al2(SO4)3+6H2O = = = 2Al(OH)3+3H2S
3NaAlO2+AlCl3+6H2O===4Al(OH)3
5.不稳定性:
na 2 S2 o 3+h2so 4 = = = na2so 4+S+SO2+H2O
NH4Cl===NH3+HCl
碳酸氢铵===NH3+H2O+CO2